#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""panel-api — HTTP wrapper around panelctl with a web UI."""

import json
import os
import re
import shlex
import shutil
import socket
import subprocess
import threading
import time
import urllib.error
import urllib.request
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import contextmanager
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs, quote

PANELCTL = os.environ.get("PANELCTL_PATH", "/run/current-system/sw/bin/panelctl")
BIND = os.environ.get("PANEL_API_BIND", "127.0.0.1")
PORT = int(os.environ.get("PANEL_API_PORT", "9911"))
BASE_DIR = os.environ.get("PANEL_BASE_DIR", "/var/lib/containers")
FRONTEND_DIR = os.environ.get(
    "PANEL_FRONTEND_DIR",
    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "frontend"),
)

# Optional Forgejo instance (set from panel.nix). The API URL may be an internal
# address; the public URL is what repositories are cloned from and linked to.
FORGEJO_URL = os.environ.get("PANEL_FORGEJO_URL", "").rstrip("/")
FORGEJO_API_URL = (os.environ.get("PANEL_FORGEJO_API_URL", "") or FORGEJO_URL).rstrip("/")
FORGEJO_SSH_URL = os.environ.get("PANEL_FORGEJO_SSH_URL", "").rstrip("/")
FORGEJO_HOST = urlparse(FORGEJO_URL).hostname or ""

PANEL_STATE_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "state", "panel")
FORGEJO_TOKEN_FILE = os.path.join(PANEL_STATE_DIR, "forgejo-token")
SSH_DIR = os.path.join(PANEL_STATE_DIR, "ssh")
SSH_KEY = os.path.join(SSH_DIR, "id_ed25519")
ENV_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "state", "env")

COMPOSE_FILENAMES = ["compose.yaml", "compose.yml", "docker-compose.yml", "docker-compose.yaml"]
GIT_TIMEOUT = 300
# Manifest values are written into a file that panelctl sources with bash, so
# they must not contain anything that is special inside double quotes.
_URL_CHARS = r"[^\s\"'`$\\]"
REPO_URL_RE = re.compile(
    rf"^(?:https?://{_URL_CHARS}+"              # https://host/owner/repo.git
    rf"|ssh://{_URL_CHARS}+"                     # ssh://git@host:port/owner/repo.git
    rf"|[A-Za-z0-9._-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+:{_URL_CHARS}+)$"  # git@host:owner/repo.git
)
BRANCH_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9._/][A-Za-z0-9._/-]*$")
FORGEJO_REPO_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9._-]+/[A-Za-z0-9._-]+$")

ENV_KEY_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$")
# Variables are set on the compose process itself, so anything that changes how
# podman/compose run (or where they look for state) is off limits.
RESERVED_ENV = {"PATH", "HOME", "USER", "LOGNAME", "SHELL", "TMPDIR", "PWD", "OLDPWD", "IFS", "TERM"}
RESERVED_ENV_PREFIXES = ("XDG_", "DBUS_", "DOCKER_", "CONTAINER_", "CONTAINERS_", "COMPOSE_",
                         "PODMAN_", "BUILDAH_", "LD_", "BASH_")


def is_safe_name(name):
    return re.match(r"^[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?$", name) is not None


# ── Per-app operation locks ──
# Requests are handled concurrently, so two mutating operations on the same app
# (e.g. a double-clicked deploy, or deploy + restore) must not overlap.

_busy = {}
_busy_lock = threading.Lock()


class AppBusy(Exception):
    def __init__(self, name, action):
        super().__init__(f"another operation ({action}) is already running on '{name}'")
        self.action = action


@contextmanager
def app_operation(name, action):
    with _busy_lock:
        if name in _busy:
            raise AppBusy(name, _busy[name])
        _busy[name] = action
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        with _busy_lock:
            _busy.pop(name, None)


def busy_snapshot():
    with _busy_lock:
        return dict(_busy)


def redact_credentials(text, replacement="***@"):
    """Hide user:token@ credentials embedded in http(s) URLs.
    (ssh://git@host is a username, not a secret, and must be kept.)"""
    return re.sub(r"(https?://)[^/@\s]+@", r"\1" + replacement, text or "")


def last_line(text):
    lines = [line.strip() for line in (text or "").splitlines() if line.strip()]
    return lines[-1] if lines else ""


def git_error(stderr):
    """The informative line of a git failure (git ends with generic advice)."""
    lines = [line.strip() for line in (stderr or "").splitlines() if line.strip()]
    for line in lines:
        if re.match(r"^(ssh|fatal|error|remote):", line, re.I) and "could not read from remote" not in line.lower():
            return re.sub(r"^fatal:\s*", "", line)
    return last_line(stderr)


def write_private_file(path, content):
    """Atomically write a file only the service user can read."""
    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path), mode=0o700, exist_ok=True)
    tmp = f"{path}.tmp"
    fd = os.open(tmp, os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT | os.O_TRUNC, 0o600)
    with os.fdopen(fd, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
        fh.write(content)
    os.replace(tmp, path)


# ── SSH deploy key ──
# One key pair for the panel; add its public half as a (read-only) deploy key
# to repositories cloned over SSH.

def ssh_public_key(create=True):
    pub = SSH_KEY + ".pub"
    if not os.path.isfile(pub) and create:
        keygen = shutil.which("ssh-keygen")
        if not keygen:
            return None
        os.makedirs(SSH_DIR, mode=0o700, exist_ok=True)
        subprocess.run(
            [keygen, "-t", "ed25519", "-N", "", "-q", "-C", f"panel@{socket.gethostname()}", "-f", SSH_KEY],
            capture_output=True, check=False, timeout=30,
        )
    try:
        with open(pub, "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
            return fh.read().strip()
    except OSError:
        return None


def is_ssh_url(url):
    return not re.match(r"^https?://", url or "")


# ── Git helpers ──

def git_env():
    # Never block on an interactive credential prompt.
    env = dict(os.environ, GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT="0")
    if os.path.isfile(SSH_KEY):
        env["GIT_SSH_COMMAND"] = " ".join([
            "ssh", "-i", shlex.quote(SSH_KEY),
            "-o", "IdentitiesOnly=yes",
            "-o", "BatchMode=yes",
            "-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new",
            "-o", "UserKnownHostsFile=" + shlex.quote(os.path.join(SSH_DIR, "known_hosts")),
        ])
    return env


def run_git(args, cwd=None, timeout=GIT_TIMEOUT):
    git_bin = shutil.which("git")
    if not git_bin:
        return {"ok": False, "stdout": "", "stderr": "git is not installed or not in PATH"}
    cmd = [git_bin] + (["-C", cwd] if cwd else []) + args
    try:
        proc = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, env=git_env(), timeout=timeout)
    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
        return {"ok": False, "stdout": "", "stderr": f"git {args[0]} timed out after {timeout}s"}
    return {
        "ok": proc.returncode == 0,
        "stdout": redact_credentials(proc.stdout.strip()),
        "stderr": redact_credentials(proc.stderr.strip()),
    }


def clone_repo(url, branch, target_dir, token=""):
    auth_url = url
    if token and not is_ssh_url(url):
        auth_url = url.replace("://", f"://{quote(token, safe='')}@", 1)
    elif is_ssh_url(url):
        ssh_public_key()  # make sure the deploy key exists before the first clone
    args = ["clone"]
    if branch:
        args += ["--branch", branch]
    return run_git(args + ["--", auth_url, target_dir])


def repo_host_and_path(url):
    url = redact_credentials(url or "", "")
    m = (re.match(r"^https?://([^/:]+)(?::\d+)?/(.+?)(?:\.git)?/?$", url)
         or re.match(r"^ssh://(?:[^@/]+@)?([^/:]+)(?::\d+)?/(.+?)(?:\.git)?/?$", url)
         or re.match(r"^(?:[^@/]+@)?([^/:]+):(?!/)(.+?)(?:\.git)?/?$", url))
    return (m.group(1), m.group(2)) if m else (None, None)


def repo_provider(url):
    host, _ = repo_host_and_path(url)
    if host and FORGEJO_HOST and host == FORGEJO_HOST:
        return "forgejo"
    if host in ("github.com", "www.github.com"):
        return "github"
    return "git"


def repo_web_url(url):
    """Browser URL of a repository, for commit / compare links."""
    host, path = repo_host_and_path(url)
    if not host:
        return ""
    if FORGEJO_HOST and host == FORGEJO_HOST:
        return f"{FORGEJO_URL}/{path}"
    m = re.match(r"^(https?)://", url or "")
    return f"{m.group(1) if m else 'https'}://{host}/{path}"


# ── Forgejo ──

class ForgejoError(Exception):
    pass


def forgejo_token():
    try:
        with open(FORGEJO_TOKEN_FILE, "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
            return fh.read().strip()
    except OSError:
        return ""


def forgejo_api(path, token=None, timeout=10):
    if not FORGEJO_API_URL:
        raise ForgejoError("no Forgejo instance is configured")
    token = forgejo_token() if token is None else token
    req = urllib.request.Request(FORGEJO_API_URL + path, headers={"Accept": "application/json"})
    if token:
        req.add_header("Authorization", f"token {token}")
    try:
        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=timeout) as res:
            return json.loads(res.read().decode("utf-8") or "null")
    except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
        if exc.code in (401, 403):
            raise ForgejoError("Forgejo rejected the token") from exc
        if exc.code == 404:
            raise ForgejoError("not found on Forgejo (or no access)") from exc
        raise ForgejoError(f"Forgejo answered HTTP {exc.code}") from exc
    except (urllib.error.URLError, TimeoutError, ValueError) as exc:
        raise ForgejoError(f"can't reach Forgejo: {getattr(exc, 'reason', exc)}") from exc


def is_forgejo_https_url(url):
    return bool(FORGEJO_URL) and not is_ssh_url(url) and repo_provider(url) == "forgejo"


# ── Environment variables ──
# Stored per app in state/env/<app>.env as KEY=VALUE lines (0600). panelctl
# passes them to every compose command, so they work for ${VAR} interpolation
# and — unless disabled — are injected into every service.

def env_file_path(name):
    return os.path.join(ENV_DIR, f"{name}.env")


def read_app_env(name):
    items = []
    try:
        with open(env_file_path(name), "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
            lines = fh.read().splitlines()
    except OSError:
        return items
    for line in lines:
        if not line or line.startswith("#") or "=" not in line:
            continue
        key, value = line.split("=", 1)
        items.append({"key": key, "value": value})
    return items


def validate_env(items):
    if items is None:
        return []
    if not isinstance(items, list):
        raise ValueError("env must be a list of {key, value}")
    seen = set()
    out = []
    for item in items:
        if not isinstance(item, dict):
            raise ValueError("env must be a list of {key, value}")
        key = str(item.get("key", "")).strip()
        value = item.get("value", "")
        value = "" if value is None else str(value)
        if not key and not value:
            continue
        if not ENV_KEY_RE.match(key):
            raise ValueError(f"'{key}' is not a valid variable name (letters, digits and _, not starting with a digit)")
        if key in RESERVED_ENV or key.startswith(RESERVED_ENV_PREFIXES):
            raise ValueError(f"'{key}' is reserved because it would change how podman/compose run")
        if key in seen:
            raise ValueError(f"'{key}' is set more than once")
        if any(c in value for c in "\n\r\0"):
            raise ValueError(f"the value of '{key}' must be a single line")
        seen.add(key)
        out.append({"key": key, "value": value})
    return out


def write_app_env(name, items):
    path = env_file_path(name)
    if not items:
        try:
            os.remove(path)
        except FileNotFoundError:
            pass
        return
    write_private_file(path, "".join(f"{i['key']}={i['value']}\n" for i in items))


def repo_commit(repo_dir, ref="HEAD"):
    result = run_git(["log", "-1", "--format=%H%x1f%s%x1f%an%x1f%ct", ref], cwd=repo_dir, timeout=15)
    if not result["ok"] or not result["stdout"]:
        return None
    sha, subject, author, ts = (result["stdout"].split("\x1f") + ["", "", "", ""])[:4]
    return {
        "sha": sha,
        "short": sha[:7],
        "subject": subject,
        "author": author,
        "time": int(ts) if ts.isdigit() else None,
    }


def repo_current_branch(repo_dir):
    result = run_git(["rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD"], cwd=repo_dir, timeout=15)
    if result["ok"] and result["stdout"] and result["stdout"] != "HEAD":
        return result["stdout"]
    return ""


def find_compose_file(repo_dir):
    for fname in COMPOSE_FILENAMES:
        candidate = os.path.join(repo_dir, fname)
        if os.path.isfile(candidate):
            return candidate
    return None


# ── Manifest helpers ──

def update_manifest(name, values):
    """Set KEY="value" lines in an app manifest, replacing existing keys."""
    for key, value in values.items():
        if re.search(r'["`$\\\n]', value):
            raise ValueError(f"unsafe characters in {key}")
    manifest_path = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "state", "apps", f"{name}.env")
    with open(manifest_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
        lines = fh.readlines()
    remaining = dict(values)
    out = []
    for line in lines:
        key = line.split("=", 1)[0].strip()
        if key in remaining:
            out.append(f'{key}="{remaining.pop(key)}"\n')
        else:
            out.append(line if line.endswith("\n") else line + "\n")
    for key, value in remaining.items():
        out.append(f'{key}="{value}"\n')
    with open(manifest_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
        fh.writelines(out)


def manifest_routes(env):
    routes_raw = env.get("APP_ROUTES", "")
    # Backward compat: build from old APP_DOMAIN/APP_PORT/APP_UPSTREAM
    if not routes_raw and "APP_DOMAIN" in env:
        upstream = env.get("APP_UPSTREAM", f"127.0.0.1:{env.get('APP_PORT', '18080')}")
        domains = env.get("APP_DOMAINS", env["APP_DOMAIN"])
        routes_raw = ",".join(f"{d.strip()}|{upstream}" for d in domains.split(",") if d.strip())
    routes = []
    for entry in routes_raw.split(","):
        entry = entry.strip()
        if not entry:
            continue
        fields = entry.split("|", 2)
        if len(fields) < 2:
            continue
        route = {"domain": fields[0].strip(), "upstream": fields[1].strip()}
        if len(fields) > 2 and fields[2].strip():
            route["path"] = fields[2].strip()
        routes.append(route)
    return routes


def load_app_summaries():
    """Read every app manifest directly (much faster than shelling out per app)."""
    apps_dir = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "state", "apps")
    try:
        entries = sorted(os.listdir(apps_dir))
    except OSError:
        return []
    apps = []
    for fname in entries:
        if not fname.endswith(".env"):
            continue
        name = fname[:-4]
        if not is_safe_name(name):
            continue
        try:
            with open(os.path.join(apps_dir, fname), "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
                env = parse_env_blob(fh.read())
        except OSError:
            continue
        repo_url = redact_credentials(env.get("APP_REPO_URL", ""), "")
        apps.append({
            "name": name,
            "routes": manifest_routes(env),
            "auth": env.get("APP_AUTH_PROTECTED", "true") == "true",
            "compose_file": env.get("APP_COMPOSE_FILE", ""),
            "repo_url": repo_url,
            "repo_branch": env.get("APP_REPO_BRANCH", ""),
            "repo_provider": repo_provider(repo_url) if repo_url else "",
            "repo_web_url": repo_web_url(repo_url) if repo_url else "",
            "env_count": len(read_app_env(name)),
            "env_inject": env.get("APP_ENV_INJECT", "true") != "false",
        })
    return apps


def run_panelctl(args):
    proc = subprocess.run(
        [PANELCTL, *args],
        check=False,
        capture_output=True,
        text=True,
    )
    return {
        "ok": proc.returncode == 0,
        "code": proc.returncode,
        "stdout": proc.stdout.strip(),
        "stderr": proc.stderr.strip(),
    }


def parse_env_blob(blob):
    out = {}
    for line in blob.splitlines():
        line = line.strip()
        if not line or line.startswith("#") or "=" not in line:
            continue
        key, value = line.split("=", 1)
        out[key] = value.strip().strip('"')
    return out


def get_app_volumes(name):
    result = run_panelctl(["inspect-volumes", name])
    volumes = {}
    # Parse whatever was printed even on a non-zero exit, so one failing
    # `podman volume ls` doesn't hide the app's default data folder.
    for line in result["stdout"].splitlines():
        if "|" in line:
            vname, vpath = line.split("|", 1)
            volumes[vname.strip()] = vpath.strip()
    return volumes

def read_app_info(name):
    if not is_safe_name(name):
        return None, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"}

    result = run_panelctl(["show", name])
    if not result["ok"]:
        return None, result

    app = parse_env_blob(result["stdout"])
    compose_file = app.get("APP_COMPOSE_FILE", "")
    if not compose_file:
        return None, {"ok": False, "error": "missing APP_COMPOSE_FILE in manifest"}

    base_stacks = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "stacks") + os.sep
    norm_compose = os.path.abspath(compose_file)
    if not norm_compose.startswith(base_stacks):
        return None, {"ok": False, "error": "compose path is outside allowed base directory"}

    app["APP_COMPOSE_FILE"] = norm_compose
    return app, None


def _decode_containers(stdout):
    """`compose ps --format json` prints either a JSON array or one object per line,
    sometimes mixed with other output. Returns a list of dicts, or None."""
    lines = stdout.splitlines()
    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
        if line.lstrip().startswith("["):
            try:
                data, _ = json.JSONDecoder().raw_decode("\n".join(lines[i:]).lstrip())
            except ValueError:
                continue
            if isinstance(data, list):
                return [c for c in data if isinstance(c, dict)]
    items = []
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if not line.startswith("{"):
            continue
        try:
            obj = json.loads(line)
        except ValueError:
            continue
        if isinstance(obj, dict):
            items.append(obj)
    return items or None


def _container_name(c):
    name = c.get("Name") or c.get("name")
    if not name:
        names = c.get("Names")
        if isinstance(names, list) and names:
            name = names[0]
        elif isinstance(names, str):
            name = names
    return name or "?"


def parse_status_output(stdout):
    """Summarise panelctl status output as running / partial / stopped / unknown."""
    stdout = stdout or ""
    containers = _decode_containers(stdout)
    if containers is None:
        text = stdout.lower()
        if not text.strip() or "no containers" in text:
            return {"state": "stopped", "running": False, "running_count": 0, "total": 0, "containers": []}
        running = re.search(r"\b(up|running)\b", text) is not None
        return {
            "state": "running" if running else "unknown",
            "running": running,
            "running_count": None,
            "total": None,
            "containers": [],
            "raw": stdout,
        }

    parsed = []
    for c in containers:
        state = str(c.get("State") or c.get("state") or "").lower()
        status = str(c.get("Status") or c.get("status") or "")
        is_running = state == "running" or status.lower().startswith("up")
        parsed.append({
            "name": _container_name(c),
            "state": state or ("running" if is_running else "unknown"),
            "status": status,
            "image": c.get("Image") or c.get("image") or "",
            "running": is_running,
        })
    running_count = sum(1 for c in parsed if c["running"])
    total = len(parsed)
    if total and running_count == total:
        state = "running"
    elif running_count:
        state = "partial"
    else:
        state = "stopped"
    return {
        "state": state,
        "running": running_count > 0,
        "running_count": running_count,
        "total": total,
        "containers": parsed,
    }


def app_status(name):
    return parse_status_output(run_panelctl(["status", name])["stdout"])


def parse_backups_output(stdout):
    """Parse panelctl list-backups output into structured data."""
    backups = []
    for line in stdout.splitlines():
        line = line.strip()
        if not line or "no backups" in line.lower():
            continue
        parts = line.split()
        if len(parts) >= 1:
            entry = {"name": parts[0]}
            if len(parts) >= 2:
                entry["size"] = parts[1]
            if len(parts) >= 3:
                try:
                    entry["mtime"] = int(parts[2])
                except ValueError:
                    pass
            backups.append(entry)
    return backups


# Actions that only read state and may run alongside anything else.
LOCK_FREE_ACTIONS = {"validate-compose"}


class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def _html(self, code, body):
        payload = body.encode("utf-8")
        self.send_response(code)
        self.send_header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
        self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(payload)))
        self.end_headers()
        self.wfile.write(payload)

    def _json(self, code, payload):
        body = json.dumps(payload, indent=2).encode("utf-8")
        self.send_response(code)
        self.send_header("Content-Type", "application/json")
        self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(body)))
        self.end_headers()
        self.wfile.write(body)

    def _file(self, code, filepath, content_type):
        try:
            with open(filepath, "rb") as fh:
                data = fh.read()
            self.send_response(code)
            self.send_header("Content-Type", content_type)
            self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(data)))
            # The UI is a single file that changes with every rebuild.
            self.send_header("Cache-Control", "no-cache")
            self.end_headers()
            self.wfile.write(data)
        except OSError:
            self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": "failed to read file"})

    def _read_json(self):
        # Cached: do_POST may read the body before dispatching.
        if hasattr(self, "_payload"):
            return self._payload
        length = int(self.headers.get("Content-Length", "0"))
        if length == 0:
            self._payload = {}
        else:
            raw = self.rfile.read(length)
            self._payload = json.loads(raw.decode("utf-8"))
        return self._payload

    def log_message(self, fmt, *args):
        # Log to stdout (goes to systemd journal)
        print(f"[panel-api] {self.address_string()} {fmt % args}")

    # ── Routing helpers ──

    def _parse_path(self):
        parsed = urlparse(self.path)
        path = parsed.path.rstrip("/") or "/"
        query = parse_qs(parsed.query)
        parts = [p for p in path.split("/") if p]
        return path, parts, query

    # ── GET ──

    def do_GET(self):
        path, parts, query = self._parse_path()

        if path == "/":
            index = os.path.join(FRONTEND_DIR, "index.html")
            if os.path.isfile(index):
                self._file(200, index, "text/html; charset=utf-8")
            else:
                self._html(200, "<h1>Panel</h1><p>Frontend not found.</p>")
            return

        if path == "/health":
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "service": "panel-api"})
            return

        # /integrations — Forgejo connection and the panel's SSH deploy key
        if path == "/integrations":
            token = forgejo_token()
            forgejo = {
                "configured": bool(FORGEJO_URL),
                "url": FORGEJO_URL,
                "ssh_url": FORGEJO_SSH_URL,
                "has_token": bool(token),
                "user": None,
            }
            if FORGEJO_URL and token:
                try:
                    forgejo["user"] = (forgejo_api("/api/v1/user", timeout=5) or {}).get("login")
                except ForgejoError as exc:
                    forgejo["error"] = str(exc)
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "forgejo": forgejo, "ssh": {"public_key": ssh_public_key()}})
            return

        # /forgejo/repos?q= — repositories visible to the stored token (public ones without)
        if path == "/forgejo/repos":
            q = query.get("q", [""])[0].strip()
            try:
                data = forgejo_api(f"/api/v1/repos/search?q={quote(q)}&limit=50&sort=updated&order=desc")
            except ForgejoError as exc:
                self._json(502, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
                return
            repos = [{
                "full_name": r.get("full_name", ""),
                "description": r.get("description", ""),
                "private": bool(r.get("private")),
                "empty": bool(r.get("empty")),
                "archived": bool(r.get("archived")),
                "default_branch": r.get("default_branch", ""),
                "clone_url": r.get("clone_url", ""),
                "ssh_url": r.get("ssh_url", ""),
                "html_url": r.get("html_url", ""),
                "updated_at": r.get("updated_at", ""),
            } for r in (data or {}).get("data", [])]
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "repos": repos, "authenticated": bool(forgejo_token())})
            return

        # /forgejo/branches?repo=owner/name
        if path == "/forgejo/branches":
            repo = query.get("repo", [""])[0].strip()
            if not FORGEJO_REPO_RE.match(repo):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "repo must look like owner/name"})
                return
            try:
                data = forgejo_api(f"/api/v1/repos/{repo}/branches?limit=100")
            except ForgejoError as exc:
                self._json(502, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
                return
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "branches": [b.get("name", "") for b in (data or [])]})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/env — environment variables used when deploying
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "env":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
            self._json(200, {
                "ok": True,
                "name": name,
                "vars": read_app_env(name),
                "inject": app.get("APP_ENV_INJECT", "true") != "false",
            })
            return

        # /status — every app with routes, container status and running operation.
        # This is what the UI polls, so it is one request regardless of app count.
        if path == "/status":
            apps = load_app_summaries()
            names = [a["name"] for a in apps]
            statuses = {}
            if names:
                with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=min(8, len(names))) as pool:
                    statuses = dict(zip(names, pool.map(app_status, names)))
            busy = busy_snapshot()
            for app in apps:
                app["status"] = statuses.get(app["name"], {"state": "unknown"})
                app["busy"] = busy.get(app["name"])
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "time": int(time.time()), "apps": apps})
            return

        if path == "/apps":
            result = run_panelctl(["list"])
            if not result["ok"]:
                self._json(500, result)
                return
            apps = []
            for line in result["stdout"].splitlines():
                if not line.strip() or line.strip() == "no apps found":
                    continue
                fields = line.split()
                if len(fields) < 4:
                    continue
                # New format: name domain|upstream routes=N auth=bool [repo_url]
                first_route = fields[1]
                route_parts = first_route.split("|")
                domain = route_parts[0].split(",")[0] if route_parts else first_route
                upstream = route_parts[1] if len(route_parts) > 1 else ""
                route_count_str = fields[2].replace("routes=", "")
                # Backward compat: fields[2] may be upstream if old format
                if not route_count_str.isdigit():
                    upstream = fields[2]
                    route_count_str = "1"
                apps.append({
                    "name": fields[0],
                    "domain": domain,
                    "domains": domain,
                    "upstream": upstream,
                    "first_route": first_route,
                    "route_count": route_count_str,
                    "auth": fields[3].replace("auth=", ""),
                    "repo_url": fields[4] if len(fields) >= 5 else "",
                })
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "apps": apps})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/compose
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "compose":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
            try:
                with open(app["APP_COMPOSE_FILE"], "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
                    content = fh.read()
            except OSError as exc:
                self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to read compose: {exc}"})
                return
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, "content": content})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/status
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "status":
            name = parts[1]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            result = run_panelctl(["status", name])
            status = parse_status_output(result["stdout"])
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, **status})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/logs
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "logs":
            name = parts[1]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            tail = query.get("tail", ["100"])[0]
            try:
                tail = str(int(tail))
            except ValueError:
                tail = "100"
            result = run_panelctl(["logs", name, "--tail", tail])
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, "logs": result["stdout"]})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/backups
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "backups":
            name = parts[1]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            result = run_panelctl(["list-backups", name])
            backups = parse_backups_output(result["stdout"])
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, "backups": backups})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/backups/<filename> — download backup zip
        if len(parts) == 4 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "backups":
            name = parts[1]
            filename = parts[3]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            # Validate filename: must match <name>-<timestamp>.zip
            if not re.match(r"^[a-z0-9-]+-\d{8}-\d{6}\.zip$", filename):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid backup filename"})
                return
            backup_path = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "backups", filename)
            norm_path = os.path.abspath(backup_path)
            norm_backups = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "backups")) + os.sep
            if not norm_path.startswith(norm_backups):
                self._json(403, {"ok": False, "error": "path traversal denied"})
                return
            if not os.path.isfile(norm_path):
                self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "backup not found"})
                return
            self.send_response(200)
            self.send_header("Content-Type", "application/zip")
            self.send_header("Content-Disposition", f'attachment; filename="{filename}"')
            size = os.path.getsize(norm_path)
            self.send_header("Content-Length", str(size))
            self.end_headers()
            with open(norm_path, "rb") as fh:
                while True:
                    chunk = fh.read(65536)
                    if not chunk:
                        break
                    self.wfile.write(chunk)
            return

        # /apps/<name>/routes — get parsed routes
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "routes":
            name = parts[1]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            result = run_panelctl(["show", name])
            if not result["ok"]:
                self._json(404, result)
                return
            routes = manifest_routes(parse_env_blob(result["stdout"]))
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, "routes": routes})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/repo[?fetch=1] — git source info; fetch=1 also checks the remote
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "repo":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
            repo_url = app.get("APP_REPO_URL", "")
            if not repo_url:
                self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "app is not linked to a git repository"})
                return
            repo_dir = os.path.join(app["APP_STACK_DIR"], "repo")
            branch = app.get("APP_REPO_BRANCH", "")
            info = {
                "ok": True,
                "name": name,
                "url": redact_credentials(repo_url, ""),
                "web_url": repo_web_url(repo_url),
                "provider": repo_provider(repo_url),
                "ssh": is_ssh_url(repo_url),
                "branch": branch,
                "cloned": os.path.isdir(os.path.join(repo_dir, ".git")),
            }
            if info["ssh"]:
                info["public_key"] = ssh_public_key()
            if info["cloned"]:
                info["commit"] = repo_commit(repo_dir)
                status = run_git(["status", "--porcelain", "--untracked-files=no"], cwd=repo_dir, timeout=15)
                info["dirty"] = bool(status["stdout"]) if status["ok"] else None
                if query.get("fetch", ["0"])[0] == "1":
                    ref = branch or repo_current_branch(repo_dir)
                    fetched = run_git(["fetch", "--quiet", "origin", ref], cwd=repo_dir)
                    if not fetched["ok"]:
                        info["fetch_error"] = git_error(fetched["stderr"]) or "git fetch failed"
                    else:
                        info["remote"] = repo_commit(repo_dir, "FETCH_HEAD")
                        count = run_git(["rev-list", "--count", "HEAD..FETCH_HEAD"], cwd=repo_dir, timeout=15)
                        info["behind"] = int(count["stdout"]) if count["ok"] and count["stdout"].isdigit() else None
            self._json(200, info)
            return

        # /apps/<name> — show single app
        if len(parts) == 2 and parts[0] == "apps":
            name = parts[1]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            result = run_panelctl(["show", name])
            if not result["ok"]:
                self._json(404, result)
                return
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "app": parse_env_blob(result["stdout"])})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/volumes
        if len(parts) == 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "volumes":
            name = parts[1]
            if not is_safe_name(name):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                return
            volumes = get_app_volumes(name)
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, "volumes": volumes})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/volume/files
        if len(parts) == 4 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "volume" and parts[3] == "files":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
                
            volumes = get_app_volumes(name)
            vol_key = query.get("vol", ["default"])[0]
            if vol_key not in volumes:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid volume specified"})
                return
                
            subpath = query.get("path", [""])[0].strip("/")
            data_dir = volumes[vol_key]
            target_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(data_dir, subpath))
            
            # Ensure traversal didn't escape data_dir
            if not target_dir.startswith(os.path.abspath(data_dir)):
                self._json(403, {"ok": False, "error": "path traversal denied"})
                return
                
            if not os.path.exists(target_dir):
                self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "directory not found"})
                return
                
            if not os.path.isdir(target_dir):
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "target is not a directory"})
                return
                
            files = []
            for item in os.listdir(target_dir):
                if item == "." or item == "..":
                    continue
                item_path = os.path.join(target_dir, item)
                try:
                    stat = os.stat(item_path)
                    files.append({
                        "name": item,
                        "is_dir": os.path.isdir(item_path),
                        "size": stat.st_size,
                        "mtime": stat.st_mtime
                    })
                except OSError:
                    continue
                    
            files.sort(key=lambda x: (not x["is_dir"], x["name"].lower()))
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "path": subpath, "files": files})
            return

        # /apps/<name>/volume/download
        if len(parts) == 4 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "volume" and parts[3] == "download":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
                
            volumes = get_app_volumes(name)
            vol_key = query.get("vol", ["default"])[0]
            if vol_key not in volumes:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid volume specified"})
                return
                
            subpath = query.get("path", [""])[0].strip("/")
            if not subpath:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "path parameter required"})
                return
                
            data_dir = volumes[vol_key]
            target_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(data_dir, subpath))
            
            if not target_file.startswith(os.path.abspath(data_dir)):
                self._json(403, {"ok": False, "error": "path traversal denied"})
                return
                
            if not os.path.isfile(target_file):
                self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "file not found"})
                return
                
            self.send_response(200)
            self.send_header("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
            self.send_header("Content-Disposition", f'attachment; filename="{os.path.basename(target_file)}"')
            size = os.path.getsize(target_file)
            self.send_header("Content-Length", str(size))
            self.end_headers()
            with open(target_file, "rb") as fh:
                while True:
                    chunk = fh.read(65536)
                    if not chunk:
                        break
                    self.wfile.write(chunk)
            return

        self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "not found"})

    # ── PUT ──
    def do_PUT(self):
        path, parts, query = self._parse_path()
        if len(parts) == 4 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "volume" and parts[3] == "files":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
            
            volumes = get_app_volumes(name)
            vol_key = query.get("vol", ["default"])[0]
            if vol_key not in volumes:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid volume specified"})
                return
                
            subpath = query.get("path", [""])[0].strip("/")
            if not subpath:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "path parameter required"})
                return
                
            data_dir = volumes[vol_key]
            target_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(data_dir, subpath))
            if not target_file.startswith(os.path.abspath(data_dir)):
                self._json(403, {"ok": False, "error": "path traversal denied"})
                return

            try:
                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(target_file), exist_ok=True)
                length = int(self.headers.get("Content-Length", "0"))
                with open(target_file, "wb") as fh:
                    bytes_read = 0
                    while bytes_read < length:
                        chunk = self.rfile.read(min(65536, length - bytes_read))
                        if not chunk:
                            break
                        fh.write(chunk)
                        bytes_read += len(chunk)
                self._json(200, {"ok": True, "path": subpath})
            except Exception as exc:
                self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
            return
            
        self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "not found"})

    # ── DELETE ──
    def do_DELETE(self):
        path, parts, query = self._parse_path()
        
        if len(parts) == 4 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] == "volume" and parts[3] == "files":
            name = parts[1]
            app, err = read_app_info(name)
            if err is not None:
                self._json(404, err)
                return
                
            volumes = get_app_volumes(name)
            vol_key = query.get("vol", ["default"])[0]
            if vol_key not in volumes:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid volume specified"})
                return
                
            subpath = query.get("path", [""])[0].strip("/")
            if not subpath:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "path parameter required"})
                return
                
            data_dir = volumes[vol_key]
            target_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(data_dir, subpath))
            
            if not target_file.startswith(os.path.abspath(data_dir)):
                self._json(403, {"ok": False, "error": "path traversal denied"})
                return

            if not os.path.exists(target_file):
                self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "file or directory not found"})
                return
                
            try:
                if os.path.isdir(target_file):
                    import shutil
                    shutil.rmtree(target_file)
                else:
                    os.remove(target_file)
                self._json(200, {"ok": True, "deleted": subpath})
            except Exception as exc:
                self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
            return
            
        self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "not found"})

    # ── POST ──

    def do_POST(self):
        path, parts, query = self._parse_path()

        name, action = None, None
        if path == "/apps/init":
            try:
                payload = self._read_json()
            except Exception as exc:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": f"invalid payload: {exc}"})
                return
            name = str(payload.get("name", "")) if isinstance(payload, dict) else ""
            action = "init"
        elif len(parts) >= 3 and parts[0] == "apps" and parts[2] not in LOCK_FREE_ACTIONS:
            name, action = parts[1], parts[2]

        if not name:
            self._handle_post(path, parts, query)
            return
        try:
            with app_operation(name, action):
                self._handle_post(path, parts, query)
        except AppBusy as exc:
            self._json(409, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc), "busy": exc.action})

    def _handle_post(self, path, parts, query):
        # POST /apps/init
        if path == "/apps/init":
            try:
                payload = self._read_json()
                name = payload["name"]
                auth = str(payload.get("auth", True)).lower()
                source_type = payload.get("source_type", "default")

                # Build routes string: "domain|upstream,domain|upstream,..."
                routes_parts = []
                if "routes" in payload and isinstance(payload["routes"], list):
                    for r in payload["routes"]:
                        d = r.get("domain", "").strip()
                        u = r.get("upstream", "").strip()
                        p = r.get("path", "").strip()
                        if d and u:
                            if p:
                                routes_parts.append(f"{d}|{u}|{p}")
                            else:
                                routes_parts.append(f"{d}|{u}")
                elif "domain" in payload and "port" in payload:
                    # Backward compat: single domain + port
                    domain_str = payload.get("domain", "")
                    if "domains" in payload and isinstance(payload["domains"], list):
                        domain_str = ",".join(payload["domains"])
                    port = str(payload["port"])
                    for d in domain_str.split(","):
                        d = d.strip()
                        if d:
                            routes_parts.append(f"{d}|127.0.0.1:{port}")
                else:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "missing 'routes' array or 'domain'+'port' fields"})
                    return

                routes_str = ",".join(routes_parts)
            except Exception as exc:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": f"invalid payload: {exc}"})
                return

            if source_type == "github":  # older clients
                source_type = "git"
            if source_type not in ["default", "raw", "git"]:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid source_type"})
                return

            # Validate everything before creating anything.
            try:
                env_items = validate_env(payload.get("env"))
            except ValueError as exc:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
                return
            env_inject = payload.get("env_inject", True) is not False

            if source_type == "git":
                repo_url = str(payload.get("repo_url") or payload.get("github_url") or "").strip()
                branch = str(payload.get("repo_branch") or payload.get("github_branch") or "").strip()
                token = str(payload.get("repo_token") or payload.get("github_pat") or "").strip()
                if not REPO_URL_RE.match(repo_url) or repo_url.startswith("-"):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "repository URL must be an https://, ssh:// or git@host:owner/repo URL"})
                    return
                if branch and not BRANCH_RE.match(branch):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": f"invalid branch name '{branch}'"})
                    return
                # Clone a Forgejo repository with the panel's stored token.
                if not token and payload.get("use_forgejo_token") and is_forgejo_https_url(repo_url):
                    token = forgejo_token()

            try:
                result = run_panelctl(["init", name, routes_str, auth])
                if not result["ok"]:
                    self._json(400, result)
                    return

                app, err = read_app_info(name)
                if err is not None or app is None:
                    run_panelctl(["remove", name])
                    err_msg = (err or {}).get("error", "unknown error") if err else "app state unavailable"
                    self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to read app state: {err_msg}"})
                    return

                if source_type == "raw":
                    content = payload.get("compose_content", "")
                    try:
                        with open(app["APP_COMPOSE_FILE"], "w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
                            fh.write(content)
                    except OSError as exc:
                        run_panelctl(["remove", name])
                        self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to write compose: {exc}"})
                        return

                summary = "initialized successfully"
                if source_type == "git":
                    # Any git host works (Forgejo, GitHub, ...), over https or ssh.
                    # An https token is embedded in the clone URL, so later syncs
                    # reuse it from .git/config; ssh uses the panel's deploy key.
                    target_dir = os.path.join(app["APP_STACK_DIR"], "repo")
                    if os.path.exists(target_dir):
                        shutil.rmtree(target_dir)

                    cloned = clone_repo(repo_url, branch, target_dir, token)
                    if not cloned["ok"]:
                        run_panelctl(["remove", name])
                        self._json(400, {
                            "ok": False,
                            "error": f"git clone failed: {git_error(cloned['stderr'])}",
                            "stderr": cloned["stderr"],
                        })
                        return
                    branch = branch or repo_current_branch(target_dir) or "main"

                    compose_path = find_compose_file(target_dir)
                    if not compose_path:
                        run_panelctl(["remove", name])
                        self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "could not find a compose file in the repository root"})
                        return

                    try:
                        update_manifest(name, {
                            "APP_COMPOSE_FILE": compose_path,
                            "APP_REPO_URL": redact_credentials(repo_url, ""),
                            "APP_REPO_BRANCH": branch,
                        })
                    except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
                        run_panelctl(["remove", name])
                        self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to update manifest: {exc}"})
                        return

                    commit = repo_commit(target_dir)
                    summary = f"cloned {branch} at {commit['short']}: {commit['subject']}" if commit else "cloned"

                if env_items or not env_inject:
                    write_app_env(name, env_items)
                    update_manifest(name, {"APP_ENV_INJECT": "true" if env_inject else "false"})
                    summary += f"\n{len(env_items)} environment variable(s) set"

                self._json(200, {"ok": True, "code": 0, "stdout": summary})
            except Exception as exc:
                run_panelctl(["remove", name])
                self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"init failed: {exc}"})
            return

        # POST /integrations/forgejo {"token": "..."} — verify and store ("" clears it)
        if path == "/integrations/forgejo":
            if not FORGEJO_URL:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "no Forgejo instance is configured (PANEL_FORGEJO_URL)"})
                return
            try:
                token = str(self._read_json().get("token", "")).strip()
            except Exception as exc:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": f"invalid payload: {exc}"})
                return
            if not token:
                try:
                    os.remove(FORGEJO_TOKEN_FILE)
                except FileNotFoundError:
                    pass
                self._json(200, {"ok": True, "has_token": False})
                return
            try:
                user = (forgejo_api("/api/v1/user", token=token) or {}).get("login")
            except ForgejoError as exc:
                self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
                return
            write_private_file(FORGEJO_TOKEN_FILE, token + "\n")
            self._json(200, {"ok": True, "has_token": True, "user": user})
            return

        if len(parts) >= 3 and parts[0] == "apps":
            name = parts[1]
            action = parts[2]

            # POST /apps/<name>/env — replace environment variables, optionally redeploy
            if action == "env":
                app, err = read_app_info(name)
                if err is not None:
                    self._json(404, err)
                    return
                try:
                    payload = self._read_json()
                    items = validate_env(payload.get("vars", []))
                except ValueError as exc:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
                    return
                inject = payload.get("inject", True) is not False
                try:
                    write_app_env(name, items)
                    update_manifest(name, {"APP_ENV_INJECT": "true" if inject else "false"})
                except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
                    self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to save variables: {exc}"})
                    return
                result = {"ok": True, "name": name, "count": len(items),
                          "stdout": f"saved {len(items)} environment variable(s)"}
                if payload.get("deploy"):
                    deployed = run_panelctl(["deploy", name])
                    deployed["stdout"] = "\n".join(filter(None, [result["stdout"], deployed["stdout"]]))
                    deployed["count"] = len(items)
                    self._json(200 if deployed["ok"] else 400, deployed)
                    return
                self._json(200, result)
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/compose — save compose file
            if action == "compose":
                app, err = read_app_info(name)
                if err is not None:
                    self._json(404, err)
                    return
                try:
                    payload = self._read_json()
                except Exception as exc:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": f"invalid payload: {exc}"})
                    return
                content = payload.get("content", "")
                if not isinstance(content, str) or not content.strip():
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "compose content must be a non-empty string"})
                    return
                try:
                    with open(app["APP_COMPOSE_FILE"], "w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
                        fh.write(content)
                except OSError as exc:
                    self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to write compose: {exc}"})
                    return
                self._json(200, {"ok": True, "name": name, "saved": True})
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/validate-compose
            if action == "validate-compose":
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return
                result = run_panelctl(["validate-compose", name])
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/backup
            if action == "backup":
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return
                result = run_panelctl(["backup", name])
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/restore
            if action == "restore":
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return
                try:
                    payload = self._read_json()
                except Exception:
                    payload = {}
                backup_file = payload.get("file", "")
                if not backup_file:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "backup file name is required"})
                    return
                result = run_panelctl(["restore", name, backup_file])
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/routes — hot update routes
            if action == "routes":
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return
                try:
                    payload = self._read_json()
                except Exception as exc:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": f"invalid payload: {exc}"})
                    return
                route_list = payload.get("routes", [])
                if not isinstance(route_list, list) or not route_list:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "routes must be a non-empty array"})
                    return
                routes_parts = []
                for r in route_list:
                    d = r.get("domain", "").strip()
                    u = r.get("upstream", "").strip()
                    p = r.get("path", "").strip()
                    if not d or not u:
                        self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "each route needs 'domain' and 'upstream'"})
                        return
                    if p:
                        routes_parts.append(f"{d}|{u}|{p}")
                    else:
                        routes_parts.append(f"{d}|{u}")
                routes_str = ",".join(routes_parts)
                result = run_panelctl(["set-routes", name, routes_str])
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

            # Simple panelctl pass-through actions
            if action in {"deploy", "stop", "restart", "render-route", "volume-clear"}:
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return
                result = run_panelctl([action, name])
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/repo-pull — sync the checkout to the remote branch and redeploy.
            # The repository is the source of truth: fetch + hard reset, so local
            # edits or force-pushes never leave the checkout stuck mid-merge.
            if action == "repo-pull":
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return

                app, err = read_app_info(name)
                if err is not None or app is None:
                    self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "app not found"})
                    return
                repo_url = app.get("APP_REPO_URL", "").strip()
                if not repo_url:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "app is not linked to a git repository"})
                    return

                repo_dir = os.path.join(app["APP_STACK_DIR"], "repo")
                branch = app.get("APP_REPO_BRANCH", "").strip()
                git_log = []
                before = None

                if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(repo_dir, ".git")):
                    before = repo_commit(repo_dir)
                    ref = branch or repo_current_branch(repo_dir)
                    if not ref:
                        self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "cannot determine which branch to sync"})
                        return
                    fetched = run_git(["fetch", "origin", ref], cwd=repo_dir)
                    if not fetched["ok"]:
                        self._json(400, {
                            "ok": False,
                            "error": f"git fetch failed: {git_error(fetched['stderr'])}",
                            "stderr": fetched["stderr"],
                        })
                        return
                    reset = run_git(["reset", "--hard", "FETCH_HEAD"], cwd=repo_dir, timeout=60)
                    if not reset["ok"]:
                        self._json(400, {
                            "ok": False,
                            "error": f"git reset failed: {git_error(reset['stderr'])}",
                            "stderr": reset["stderr"],
                        })
                        return
                    git_log.append(reset["stdout"])
                else:
                    # No checkout yet (e.g. deleted by hand): clone it fresh.
                    if os.path.exists(repo_dir):
                        shutil.rmtree(repo_dir)
                    cloned = clone_repo(repo_url, branch, repo_dir)
                    if not cloned["ok"]:
                        self._json(400, {
                            "ok": False,
                            "error": f"git clone failed: {git_error(cloned['stderr'])}",
                            "stderr": cloned["stderr"],
                        })
                        return
                    git_log.append("cloned repository")

                after = repo_commit(repo_dir)
                compose_path = find_compose_file(repo_dir)
                if not compose_path:
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "compose file not found in repository root"})
                    return
                try:
                    update_manifest(name, {"APP_COMPOSE_FILE": compose_path})
                except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
                    self._json(500, {"ok": False, "error": f"failed to update manifest: {exc}"})
                    return

                result = run_panelctl(["deploy", name])
                result["stdout"] = "\n".join(filter(None, git_log + [result["stdout"]]))
                result["before"] = before
                result["after"] = after
                result["changed"] = not before or not after or before["sha"] != after["sha"]
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

            # POST /apps/<name>/remove
            if action == "remove":
                if not is_safe_name(name):
                    self._json(400, {"ok": False, "error": "invalid app name"})
                    return
                try:
                    payload = self._read_json()
                except Exception:
                    payload = {}
                keep = payload.get("keepVolumes", False)
                args = ["remove", name]
                if keep:
                    args.append("--keep-volumes")
                result = run_panelctl(args)
                self._json(200 if result["ok"] else 400, result)
                return

        self._json(404, {"ok": False, "error": "not found"})


def main():
    server = ThreadingHTTPServer((BIND, PORT), Handler)
    server.daemon_threads = True
    print(f"panel-api listening on http://{BIND}:{PORT}")
    print(f"frontend dir: {FRONTEND_DIR}")
    server.serve_forever()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()